Another Perspective On Counseling

Source: Wikipedia

Source: Wikipedia


Counseling Is Not Just An American Phenomenon

It has been my good fortune to have lived in Morocco, Czech Republic, Mexico and I thought it would be interesting to think of counseling from those perspectives.  In addition to living in these cultures, my friends have been from many different countries. I have had career opportunities in Middle Eastern countries that included Saudi Arabia and Dubai. During my early twenties, I was in a dating relationship with a young woman from Iran who was the daughter of a political person who immigrated from Iran to America. As a result of that relationship, I was introduced to her family and participated in many of their family customs and religious traditions. So, having this multicultural background and considering the present sociopolitical situation in the Middle East regarding Iran, the article by (Mirsalimi, 2010) concerning his experiences as a psychologist from Iran immediately attracted my attention. In addition to giving an explanation of his multicultural experiences from the 1970s to the present, he introduced me to the perspectives of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory which offers a framing of cultural influences to understand client history and cultural predisposition(Brofenbrenner, 1979). Selecting this article not only gave me insight into the impact of culture on couples and family counseling, but lended itself well to providing an understanding of the challenges of a practicing psychologist from another culture that does not enjoy a great deal of support in this country.

Counseling from Hamid Mirsalimi’s Perspective

Hamid Mirsalimi is a psychologist practicing in Atlanta, GA with a good deal of his practice in couples and family counseling. He begins by explaining Bronfenbrenner’s system theory which includes the dimensions of a microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. These systems influence the individual and interact with each other in meaningful ways producing an enculturation of values, behaviors, and attitudes toward the world. For this work, Mirsalimi is concerned with how the microsystem or one’s internal world is impacted by the chronosystem or the culture in which one is born. Mirsalimi discusses growing up in a highly, religiously structured Muslim family environment where the patriarch of the family ruled. He discussed the oppression of women and his unwillingness to accept the notion that women functioned as submissive to men. He further discusses his move to America and the marginalization and discrimination he experienced as a young scholar at two of our universities. Still further, he relates how starting a practice in Atlanta, GA was difficult as he had to overcome bigotry, hatred, and pessimism about his motives for being in this country. The dynamics that happen between him and his clientele are fascinating. The transference and countertransference that happens is very interesting. The women who come to him for counseling are interested in assessing his level of sensitivity to women’s issues. Many Caucasian clients will ask him how long he has been in this country. He pays particular attention to the level and degree of acculturation of his Muslim clients. He typically asks how long they have been in America and the age of their immigration. He wants to know who came with them or were they alone. He concludes his article by discoursing on what he finds important to watch in regard to his assessment of clients. He posits that clients must find meaning in their existence, a happy marriage between enculturation and acculturation, and a healthy expression of themselves to the world.

Counseling Dynamics

This article gave a keen insight into the dynamics that happen between a counselor from another culture and individuals from America. It also gave insight in regard to the dynamics that happen between a counselor from another culture and clients from another culture. The understanding of how an Iranian person may view the practice of counseling, the use of counseling services, and its limits in the Iranian culture were enlightening. Counseling, in Iran is known in general society as going to see a “neurologist.” The general public is not willing to admit any personal pathology or need for counseling, but are willing to say they may have an organic, biological issue that needs servicing. In addition, oftentimes counseling is seen in the Iranian culture as a method of enhancing the systems of the family and not the individual. If asked, an Iranian person using counseling services might agree they were seeing a mental health counselor, but only because it could support the cohesiveness of the immediate family.

This article provides an insight into the multicultural impact of Muslim culture on the relationship of the counselor to client. Gender is represented in this article as well as spirituality and culture. These three “umbrellas” under which we are prompted to view our beginning ideas regarding marriage and family therapy are all discussed in the article providing a very practical picture of their influences(Hecker, Wetchler, 2003). Counseling can be seen as a therapeutic intervention from the family systems theory perspective.

References
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Mirsalimi, H. (2010). Perspectives of an Iranian psychologist practicing in America. Psychotherapy theory: Research, practice, training. Vol. 47 (2), 151-161.


What is Normal?

Source: Freebase

Source: Freebase

 

Being Normal or Being Abnormal Is A Mystery

What is normal behavior and what is abnormal has been explained to me as any kind of psychological process, emotional expression, or psychic distress that causes the individual significant distress, disruption of daily routine and goals, and varies profoundly from an accepted social norm. The burden of deciding whether or not a certain disorder or behavior is causing excessive stress or distress is left up to the client to decide. The client determines what is normal for their life circumstances. For instance, one counseling approach when asked by the client if the counselor thought they had a drinking problem would turn the question around and ask the client if they thought they had a drinking problem. This is from the person-centered approach and is used . As a result of the teaching in the DVD, it has become clear that, indeed the counselor must take on the mantel of sleuth and investigator to arrive at an accurate understanding of the presenting issues from the client. Our sleuthing is done however, with an eye toward a mutual language as set forth in the DSM-IV-TR. This manual also allows the counselor to present themselves as an expert on pathology and gives a structure in which an accurate diagnosis may be made. This is important in order to provide a starting point for the development of a treatment plan and provide insurance companies required numbers for classification(Butcher, J. N., Hooley, J. M., & Mineka, S. ,2007).

What is normal? I don’t know. Learned professionals with far more knowledge and experience have made definitions and arrived at explanations that define the difference in normal vs abnormal behavior. I do intend to become better at making decisions about what is normal and what is abnormal however. This will be done in light of certain variables that are constantly changing as cultural influences, research, politics, levels of discernment, and criteria are changed by governing bodies such as the American Counseling Association, American Mental Health Counseling Association, the American Psychiatric Association, and the American Psychological Association with its 50 divisions. These bodies are charged with the responsibility of creating guidelines that define the limits of what is normal. Clearly the DSM-IV-TR remains neutral in terms of theoretical orientation and seeks only to provide clinical definitions without regard to gender, race, culture, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. The literature is clear in that certain presenting behaviors by clients can be seen differently across the cultural spectrum. What is normal in one culture may not be in another and vice versa. It appears normal is in the eye of the beholder.

Normal Behavior Is Determined By the Individual

Any comparison study of abnormality must include the notion that the clinical diagnosis of human behavior from the purely scientific approach disregards the infinite creativity of human existence and by its very use is reductionistic, and limiting of all that humans are. The counselor, it is posited walks a constant tightrope between good science in defining behavior and allowing for the infinite and evolutionary development of behavior. This is important in determining what is normal. The stereotyping or labeling can be harmful to a person’s counseling process and indeed, individuals must be seen as humans having a disorder and not a disorder taking precedence over the human. Stigmas are often more harmful to the client than the actual presenting disorder. In addition, a client may demonstrate an unwillingness to continue their personal healing process when diagnosed because they have been labeled. Since they now know what the label is, it seems to have some detrimental effect on their motivation to continue therapy. They have possibly wondered for so long ‘what their disorder is’ that now they know they can get on with the rest of their lives. I suspect in the future during residencies or internships with real clients, there may be some discussion over whether or not the client needs to know the actual name of their disorder.
In the final analysis, the client wants and deserves an accurate diagnosis. However, it must be made with a firm foundation in good, strong research.

The Definitions Associates With Normal Vs Abnormal Are Constantly Evolving

Returning to the main thesis, an accurate definition of abnormality will be constantly evolving. This is in keeping with scientific protocol and accepted behavioral science. It seems there must be a happy marriage between what the client thinks is abnormal for them and what the treatment team puts forth as a further definition of abnormality. Somewhere within the relationship of these two variables, maladaptive behavior can be defined and appropriate treatment measures taken.

Highest Regards!

Phil H. Stowers

References

Butcher, J. N., Hooley, J. M., & Mineka, S. (2007). Abnormal psychology (13th ed.).  Boston: Pearson Education.


Some Interesting Questions Somebody Asked Me

Source: Wikipedia

Source: Wikipedia

Questions

 

 

Source: Wikipedia

Source: Wikipedia


Questions That Demanded An Answer

What nickname(s) do you prefer? Why?

I have never been given a nickname by friends or circumstances. I have often chosen to use Gradman as a username on websites. For instance, if you call me on Skype, my Skype address is IAMTHEGRADMAN.

What is your ethnic and/or religious identification? If it is different from the people you grew up with, comment on that experience.

I am a Caucasian. I began my religious experience as a southern Baptist. I played the trumpet in church, sang in the choir and was oh so dogmatic! At age 15, after being adopted I was taken to the Methodist church where I was elected president of the Methodist Youth Council, sang in the choir and was Oh so dogmatic! I was offered a scholarship to Brown University to study theology, but decided to study counseling and human development at three universities in Abilene, Texas instead. My universities were Baptist, Methodist and Church of Christ affiliated. I had mandatory chapel two times per week, Old Testament and New Testament studies as part of the core curriculum. Every professor was a believer in Jesus Christ and subscribed strongly to the Judeo-Christian ethic. We had to perform a missionary duty in some country and I chose Mexico. I preached in Mexico and built various kinds of community buildings for small towns. I was a Chaplain’s Assistant in the USArmy and was schooled in worship procedures for every Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim belief system. Over the last few years I have directed large 500 member church Christmas productions with budgets from $80,000 to $140,000 just for the Christmas show. These are churches that one would see on television with those large buildings and state of the art technology. The last show I directed was made into a DVD that sells for $29.95 in bookstores and churches. After obtaining this graduate degree, I intend to move to Israel where I will earn further credentialing as a Logotherapist. So……………..yea………….I guess I’m religious.

If you have siblings, describe them and your feelings about them.

I am the oldest of four children. My sister, Kay is next in line. She is the mother of two. One is a cheerleader and the other has a scholarship to play football at the Univ. of GA. Next is Chuck. He is a departmental manager at Kubota Manufacturing and also builds decks on homes in his spare time. I love him. Chuck is the father of two also. Next is Micheal. Micheal is a bass player. He is a new father of a baby boy named Kelton. He is a good Dad.

What are the conditions of your life right now-job, living situation, and so forth?

I am a graduate student in counseling and also an internet marketer.  My dwelling is at the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains and it is beautiful. I am soon going to begin the practicum and internship portion of the degree process. Then I must take the National Counselor Examination. The NCE is full of good questions.

Do you have any recurring dreams/daydreams? What are they?
I have dreams that include large objects falling on people in various ways for some reason. No questions here. I can’t explain it. In my dreams I fly old hay balers that were pulled by horses. I fly airplanes and contraptions that are unexplainable. Once I watched a large cube with many ship’s anchors sticking out of it fall on pedestrians. Ask me some questions and I won’t tell some lies. I like to fly things. What can I say?

I Wonder If These Famous People had to Answer Questions like these?

What men or women of the past and present do you appreciate and admire the most? Why? Who might you consider an ideal role model?

There are so many. JFK, MLK, Abraham Lincoln, William Shakespeare, Gandhi, Kahlil Gibran, Lord Laurence Olivier, Kenneth Branaugh, Robert Kennedy, Al Pacino, Marlon Brando, any Rabbi, school teachers whether male or female, and my third grade bus driver. Edwin Elliot was my third grade bus driver. He would make me feel very protected while with him and made me laugh a lot. He would often walk me to the door when he knew my father was being especially crazy that day and stand between my father and me. He was a big, 6.8” man who could bend steel. My father new that. When I went to see him about two months before his death, I was about to knock on his door and from inside the house I heard, “Come on in. you’re at home. You just don’t know it yet.” That’s the way he was. Always caring. He was a mountain of a man, but he wouldn’t have hurt anybody. Someday when I have an office, there will be a door. At that door will be a poster and on that poster will be written, “Come on in. You’re at home. You just don’t know it yet.”

What poems, books, music or other works of art have influenced you the most? When and How?

The Scripture has influenced me the most. I also enjoy Shakespeare, any English Literature writer from the 18th & 19th century. I like Mozart, roc & roll, and messianic Jewish music. I also sing ancient Hebrew songs that come from the Talmud and Tanakh. I am a published poet, so yea, I like poetry. I like what Gibran says about children: This is for all of my readers who are mothers and fathers. I have not experienced that, but this is for you from my memory…………..

Poetry, Not Questions

Your children are not your children. They are the sons and daughters of life’s longing for itself.
They come through you, but not from you.
And though they are with you, they belong not to you.
You may seek to be like them, but seek not to make them like you.
For life goes not backward, nor tarries with yesterday.
You are the bows from which your children as living arrows are sent forth.
The Archer sees the mark upon the path of the infinite, and he bends you with His might that His arrows may go swift and far.
Let your bending in the Archer’s hand be for gladness.
For even as He loves the arrow that flies.
So He loves also the bow that is stable.
Kahlil Gibran

What frightens you?

George Bush, Barack Obama and any other form of ignorance. I also am not too fond of swimming in ponds. Questions from people chewing tobacco tends to make me doubt the human race.

What events or inner experiences give or have given you the greatest joy?

My greatest joy happens to me every morning. I get to wake up completely restored and realize that Yahweh loves me, the world greets me and I can do anything I put my mind to do.

What events or inner experiences have given you the greatest sorrow?

The death of many profoundly meaningful people in my life has brought me pain. Also, the fact that it doesn’t seem as if the world is ever going to stop warring against each other.

What occupation would interest you the most if you could become whatever you wanted? Why?

A Licensed Professional Counselor.  If it wasn’t this, I could really dig being a tour guide on a camel in the Israeli desert of Golan answering questions from tourists. That would be cool!

What occupation would be the worst possible one for you, something you would just hate to do? Why? I would really hate to be a person who had to put the company logo on every “Best Egg” that went into a carton. That would be misery.

Is there anything about yourself you would like to change? No!

I was asked these questions as a first year graduate student in a master’s in mental health program. They caused me to think about things with a little more effort. Questions are the first step in the Socratic Method. A necessary ingredient to begin the process of self reflection. I hope you found some of these thoughts and questions insightful and meaningful.

Highest Regards!
Questions





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